PolArctic Sanikiluaq Nunavut mariculture AI — Inuit-led, Two-Eyed Seeing, peer-reviewed in Marine Pollution Bulletin 2025
Canada (Nunavut, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Belcher Islands)
PolArctic Sanikiluaq Nunavut mariculture AI
Indigenous-led mariculture AI deployment. First AI to treat Indigenous Knowledge and Western science as equals. Inuktitut + English output. Peer-reviewed in Marine Pollution Bulletin 2025.
Lead actors + named partners
- PolArctic LLC — CEO Leslie Canavera. Recipient of the Women in AI North America Award for AI for Good: Environmental Social in 2022. https://www.polarcticllc.com/case-studies/case-study-2
- C-CORE — Canadian innovation organisation, St. John’s NL. Co-developer of the Commercial Inshore Fishery Potential (CIFP) Project.
- Community of Sanikiluaq, Nunavut (Hudson Bay coast). Inuit-led Arctic Eider Society is based in Sanikiluaq.
- Nunavut Fishery Association (NFA) — funder.
- Qikiqtaaluk Corporation — Inuit birthright corp, Baffin Region; funder; owns the Indigenous-owned Luddy Pudluck research vessel that validated the deployment.
What this deployment does
PolArctic combines satellite data, artificial intelligence (AI), and Indigenous Knowledge to monitor marine habitats in Sanikiluaq, Nunavut (Qikiqtaaluk Region, Belcher Islands). The approach is “Two-Eyed Seeing” (Etuaptmumk) — Albert Marshall’s Mi’kmaw concept that integrates Indigenous Knowledge and Western science as equals.
The deployment specifically:
- Treats Indigenous Knowledge and Western science as equals in training AND validation (per WWF The Circle 2023.01, Leslie Canavera).
- Trained with NCRI (Nunavut Coastal Resource Inventory) data, historical trawl sampling, satellite imagery (multiple satellites), University of Quebec field data, near-shore bathymetry, sea-surface temperature.
- Output delivered in Inuktitut and English to ensure community interpretability.
- Validated on the Indigenous-owned Luddy Pudluck research vessel (Qikiqtaaluk Corporation).
- Concrete findings: identified areas of higher concentrations of scallops, clams, and kelp near Sanikiluaq; mapped coastal nearshore for areas of risk not on nautical charts.
Substantive applications:
- Fisheries management + climate adaptation.
- Shoreline protection monitoring.
- Sea-ice tracking + ecosystem health.
- Indigenous community economic development through mariculture.
- Subsequent scaling: PolArctic-C-CORE work has expanded to a digital twin of the Arctic Ocean (Arctic Economic Council coverage).
Peer-reviewed status
Iravani, R., Biagi, M., Laforest, S., Lee, K., Isaacman, L., Chen, Z., An, C. (2025). Protecting shorelines in Canadian Indigenous communities: Environmental challenges, policy interventions, and mitigation technologies. Marine Pollution Bulletin 219:118310. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118310. Open access; CC BY 4.0.
PolArctic is explicitly cited as the substantive operational case for Indigenous Knowledge + AI integration for shoreline protection.
Why this deployment matters
PolArctic operationalises concepts that the CARE Principles articulate but do not specify:
- CARE Principle “Authority to Control” — operationalised through Inuit community ownership of the deployment.
- CARE Principle “Collective Benefit” — operationalised through community economic development.
- CARE Principle “Ethics” — operationalised through Inuktitut + English output.
- CARE Principle “Responsibility” — operationalised through community accountability.
The deployment does what FNDGS calls for but does not name the framework as implementation reference. This is the framework-deployment operationalisation pattern — frameworks articulate; deployments operationalise; the alignment is implicit, not explicit.
Funding source
Mixed academic + Indigenous + International. No single federal programme funds PolArctic. This is the framework-deployment funding-instrument gap pattern (G-313).
Operational status
Pilot completed 2021-2022 (Commercial Inshore Fishery Potential Project); subsequent scaling ongoing through 2024-2026 with continued WWF and other funding for follow-on mariculture/sea-ice work; expanded to digital twin of the Arctic Ocean.
G-335: PolArctic production mariculture status post-2022 pilot unclear; the project exists but the operational scaling model is evolving.
Framework citation
PolArctic does not cite OCAP®/CARE/NISR/IEEE 2890-2025 in its published documentation. The deployment integrates IK as equals in training and validation but does not formally name a framework as governing document. This is the framework-deployment operationalisation pattern — frameworks articulate; deployments operationalise; alignment is implicit, not explicit.
Why this matters for talks
For archetype 05 (critical-lens Indigenous sovereignty): PolArctic is the operational case for Two-Eyed Seeing in AI. The talk-ready claim: “PolArctic operationalises the CARE Principles’ ‘Authority to Control’ through Inuit community ownership, and the Two-Eyed Seeing approach through Inuktitut + English output. The deployment is a substantive operational case — but it is not funded through an Indigenous-led-agrifood-AI-specific federal programme.”
For archetype 02 (data-sovereignty Canadian): PolArctic is data-sovereignty-by-design — community-stewarded, multilingual, peer-reviewed. The talk-ready claim: “PolArctic is the operational alternative to vendor-captured AI: Inuit community ownership, peer-reviewed methodology, climate-adaptation focus.”
For archetype 06 (regional-cluster-comparison): PolArctic anchors the Canadian Inuit-led AI cluster distinct from the EU cooperative cluster model and the US land-grant-extension cluster model.
Substantive contested claims surfaced
- C-291: “Indigenous-led AI agrifood deployment in Canada does not exist.” Counter: PolArctic is peer-reviewed in Marine Pollution Bulletin 2025.
- C-295: “Two-Eyed Seeing is a metaphor without operational implementation.” Counter: PolArctic is the operational implementation.
Substantive gaps surfaced
- G-335: PolArctic operational status (production mariculture vs. pilot-completed) unclear post-2025 publication.
Freshness and source provenance
- last-verified: 2026-07
- sources:
- sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X25007854 (Iravani et al. 2025 Marine Pollution Bulletin 219:118310)
- polarcticllc.com/case-studies/case-study-2 (PolArctic case study, Leslie Canavera CEO)
- arcticwwf.org/the-circle/stories/blending-indigenous-knowledge-and-artificial-intelligence-to-enable-adaptation/ (WWF The Circle 2023.01, Leslie Canavera)
- arctictoday.com/polarctic-llc-and-c-core-develop-first-artificial-intelligence-indigenous-knowledge-model-to-complete-nunavut-marine-resources-assessment/ (ArcticToday 24 Feb 2022)
- arcticeconomiccouncil.com/news/understanding-climate-change-through-a-digital-twin-of-the-arctic-ocean/ (Arctic Economic Council on digital twin expansion)
- 2050nowlamaison.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Regenerate-the-future-by-2050NOW-La-Maison.pdf (PolArctic IK + AI + scientific data integration)
- researchgate.net/publication/365310073_The_International_Arctic_Science_Committee_IASC_in_the_Changing_Arctic_Between_International_Scientific_Cooperation_and_Science_Diplomacy (PolArctic custom AI/ML tools)